How power flows in Mongolia, from citizens through the legislature, executive, judiciary and local government.
flowchart TD A["Citizens of Mongolia<br/>Монгол Улсын иргэд"] %% ===================================================== %% LEGISLATIVE / EXECUTIVE %% ===================================================== A -->|Elect| B["State Great Khural<br/>Улсын Их Хурал<br/>126 MPs"] A -->|Elect| C["President<br/>Ерөнхийлөгч<br/>Head of State"] B -->|Appoints| D["Prime Minister<br/>Ерөнхий сайд<br/>Head of Government"] D --> E["Government / Cabinet<br/>Засгийн газар"] E --> F["Ministries<br/>Яамд"] E --> G["Government Agencies<br/>Засгийн газрын агентлагууд"] G --> P["State Property Policy and Coordination Agency<br/>Төрийн өмчийн бодлого, зохицуулалтын газар<br/>ТӨБЗГ<br/><i>Formerly: Төрийн өмчийн хороо</i>"] P --> P1["State-owned companies / entities<br/>Төрийн өмчит хуулийн этгээдүүд"] P --> P2["State property management<br/>Төрийн өмчийн удирдлага"] P --> P3["Property registration / oversight<br/>Өмчийн бүртгэл, хяналт"] F --> F1["Ministry of Finance<br/>Сангийн яам"] F --> F2["Ministry of Foreign Affairs<br/>Гадаад харилцааны яам"] F --> F3["Ministry of Defence<br/>Батлан хамгаалах яам"] F --> F4["Ministry of Health<br/>Эрүүл мэндийн яам"] F --> F5["Ministry of Education<br/>Боловсролын яам"] F --> F6["Other Ministries<br/>Бусад яам"] B -->|Laws / budget / oversight| E %% ===================================================== %% PRESIDENT %% ===================================================== C --> NSC["National Security Council<br/>Үндэсний аюулгүй байдлын зөвлөл"] C -->|Commander-in-Chief| AF["Armed Forces<br/>Зэвсэгт хүчин"] %% ===================================================== %% ORDINARY JUDICIARY %% ===================================================== JGC["Judicial General Council<br/>Шүүхийн ерөнхий зөвлөл<br/>ШЕЗ<br/>10 members"] JA["All Judges Assembly<br/>Нийт шүүгчийн чуулган"] JA -->|"Elects 5 judge-members"| JGC B -->|"Appoints 5 non-judge members<br/>through open selection"| JGC J["Judiciary / Courts<br/>Шүүх засаглал"] SC["Supreme Court<br/>Улсын дээд шүүх"] AC["Appeal Courts<br/>Давж заалдах шатны шүүх"] FC["First-instance Courts<br/>Анхан шатны шүүх"] J --> SC J --> AC J --> FC %% Judge selection / appointment JGC -->|"Selects candidates"| SC JGC -->|"Selects / proposes candidates"| AC JGC -->|"Selects / proposes candidates"| FC B -.->|"Supreme Court candidate<br/>presentation / hearing"| SC C -->|"Appoints Supreme Court judges<br/>after JGC presentation to Parliament"| SC C -->|"Appoints on JGC proposal"| AC C -->|"Appoints on JGC proposal"| FC %% Supreme Court Chief Justice CJ["Chief Justice of Supreme Court<br/>Улсын дээд шүүхийн Ерөнхий шүүгч"] SC -->|"Proposes one of its judges"| CJ C -->|"Appoints for 6 years"| CJ %% ===================================================== %% CONSTITUTIONAL COURT %% ===================================================== CC["Constitutional Court<br/>Үндсэн хуулийн цэц<br/>9 members"] B -->|"Nominates 3"| CC C -->|"Nominates 3"| CC SC -->|"Nominates 3"| CC B -->|"Appoints all 9 members<br/>6-year terms"| CC CCC["Chair of Constitutional Court<br/>Цэцийн дарга"] CC -->|"Members elect from among themselves<br/>3-year term"| CCC %% Constitutional review CC -.->|"Constitutional review"| B CC -.->|"Constitutional review"| E %% ===================================================== %% LOCAL GOVERNMENT %% ===================================================== LG["Local Government<br/>Нутгийн удирдлага"] LG --> AIM["21 Aimags<br/>21 аймаг"] AIM --> SOUM["Soums<br/>Сум"] SOUM --> BAG["Bags<br/>Баг"] LG --> UB["Ulaanbaatar<br/>Улаанбаатар"] UB --> DIST["Districts<br/>Дүүрэг"] DIST --> KH["Khoroos<br/>Хороо"] A -->|"Elect local representatives"| LG E -->|"Executive / administrative relationship"| LG %% ===================================================== %% THEME-FRIENDLY STYLES %% ===================================================== classDef elected fill:transparent,stroke:#2563eb,stroke-width:2px; classDef executive fill:transparent,stroke:#059669,stroke-width:2px; classDef judicial fill:transparent,stroke:#ea580c,stroke-width:2px; classDef local fill:transparent,stroke:#7c3aed,stroke-width:2px; classDef property fill:transparent,stroke:#0891b2,stroke-width:3px; classDef council fill:transparent,stroke:#d97706,stroke-width:3px; class A,B,C elected; class D,E,F,G,F1,F2,F3,F4,F5,F6,NSC,AF executive; class J,SC,AC,FC,CJ,CC,CCC judicial; class LG,AIM,SOUM,BAG,UB,DIST,KH local; class P,P1,P2,P3 property; class JGC,JA council;